Sunday, 10 March 2019

Opposition to Church Closing - December 5 1918


By December 5, 1918, there was increasing resistance towards the actions of the Hamilton Board of Health’s closing orders, particularly as regards early store closing hours and the edict against the holding of church services.

If anything, the early store closing order had the effect, it was claimed, of creating crowd conditions. As regards, the church service issue, a Hamilton priest had already been charged, convicted and fined because he flaunted the closing order and opened his church’s doors to worshippers.

The Hamilton newspapers were not slow to pick up and amplify the hostility which was rising sharply against the board of health and towards the Hamilton physicians who were advising the board.

An example of how the Spectator was framing the debate as to whether the closing order should be lifted appeared as follows:

 “ Knutty Points

“Ask Us – We Don’t Know”

If it is dangerous for clerks to wait on customers after 4 o’clock in the afternoon, how is the overworked Proprietor immune?

                                                                                      ANXIOUS

Our Hoyle is silent on this point. Ask the doctors. – Ed.

_____________________________________________

Is it worse for one man to serve fifty customers in his store after 4 o’clock than to have the assistance of his clerks and disperse the crowd more quickly.

                                                                                      BEWILDERED

Common sense seems to approve of retaining the clerks, but the doctors have decreed otherwise. – Ed.

__________________________________________

Is the ‘flu’ germ more active after 4 p.m. than previous to that hour?

                                                                                        I WONDER

Once again, we are stumped. Will some doctor please explain? – Ed.

_________________________________________________

Why, in the name of all that is sane and proper, if the ‘flu’ is more deadly than small pox, haven’t the cases been isolated and placed under quarantine?

                                                                                      IVA KAUFF

If uva cough, Iva, your doctor should be able to answer that question. – Ed.

_______________________________________________

Please tell me why members of the board of trade and other business men can spare time to go to the city hall and beg the ‘people’s representatives’ to do things, but cannot do their duty by serving as city representatives? 

                                                                                          TAXPAYER

Will business men please answer? –Ed.

____________________________________________________

 Is it safer to stand on a street corner for an hour, waiting for a car, than to ride on a crowded one?

A.  HOOFER

The doctors say it is. So there. – Ed.1

1

“Legality of Ban to Be Tested By Pastor of St. Ann’s Church : Rev. Father Englert Will Conduct Services Next Sunday – Claims Vested Rights Have Been Violated : Epidemic on Wane, 175 New Cases and Two Deaths Being Reported – Many ‘Flu’ Cases Just Common Colds”

Hamilton Spectator.    December 05, 1918.

(Note the ‘names’ of some of those ‘quoted’)
The matter of the churches having been ordered to close the doors to their public worship spaces was regarded with much resentment and potential rebellion :

““The legality of the proclamation of the board of health prohibiting church services is to be challenged again on Sunday, by Rev. Father Englert, pastor of St. Ann’s Roman Catholic church, who announced this morning that mass would be said, as usual.

“ ‘Not in defiance of the authorities, but to uphold the vested rights of the Canadian people,’ he added.

“Expressions of opinion, in view of the prosecution of Rev. Father Tarasiuk, in police court yesterday, were secured by the Spectator today from clergymen of various denominations. Though the majority held that Almighty God was being relegated to the background by those responsible for the proclamation, and that, if all the clergy co-operated, the ban could be punctured. Rev. Father Englert was the only one to announce that he would not comply with the restrictions.

“ ‘It is time for the churches to defend their rights,’ said the pastor of St. Ann’s. ‘We would not be true Canadians unless we upheld our vested rights. All Christians should stand up against the agnostics and materialists, who would deny the protection of God in time of trouble. We are not defying the law, there being two instances, of which we have record, where the supreme court of the United States upheld the church under similar conditions.’ ”1

JJThe priest of St. Joseph’s Roman Catholic Church was firm in his opinion of the church closing order :

                             REV. FATHER LEYES

“ ‘It is rather late in the day for me to express an opinion.’ Said Rev. Father Leyes, pastor of St. Joseph’s Roman Catholic church. ‘The church has taken its stand. We are all behind Father Harasiuk. As regards the danger of infection at church services, I can only point out that there have been four deaths in this parish, nine deaths in St. Patrick’s and none in St. Ann’s. Of the many Poles who have had this malady, not one who attended mass since the proclamation of the ban has been afflicted.

“German kultur and German materialism were responsible for this awful war. The German’s put God in the background, just as those responsible for this proclamation have done. Hasn’t Almighty God said, ‘Without Me you can do nothing?

“Rev. Father Leyes added that the low death rate showed that the recrudescence was a particularly mild form of the influenza, and it was known that the medical men reported plain, ordinary, everyday colds as influenza.

“ ‘Even the doctors are divided as to the efficacy of the ban in preventing the spread of the malady,’ he said. ‘We have shortened our services and, personally, I do not know of one instance of influenza being contracted in church.’ ”1

One of the most assertive members of the clergy to oppose the closing order was Rev. Robertson :

“ ‘Dr. Roberts and the majority of doctors are not in favor of the closing of the churches,’ said Rev. W.P. Robertson, who asserted most emphatically that there was a tremendous strong feeling against the health board’s ruling.

“‘ Dr. Roberts himself has stately explicitly that he is against this order, and that it is of no use whatever in stamping out the epidemic. The size of the buildings and the fact that sick people do not attend services is a strong reason for keeping open the churches.

‘ ‘Every clergyman who visits the sick and meets doctors at the besides is daily receiving expressions of sympathy from the medical men, and all are to the effect that the closing of the churches is absolutely no good.

“ ‘My only reason for not defying this order is the fact that, in view of the alarming disregard for law and authority which is spreading all over the world, I think that the churches should not employ strike methods.

“ ‘I am now in touch with the M.H.O., and an effort will be made to have services for limited congregations, by doubling the number of services and lessening the number of worshippers at each service. Dr. Roberts, from whom I have just come, stated that he was thoroughly in favor of the idea.

“ ‘Last Sunday, I held five services in the homes of my parishioners, and shall continue to do so.’

Rev. Robertson, along with his fellow Anglican minister, Rev. Canon Daw of the Church of St. John the Evangelist, went downtown to the Hamilton City Hall where the board of health offices were located. There they spoke to reporters:

          “That it would be a blot on the escutcheon of Hamilton if, as was contemplated, policemen were stationed at church doors next Sunday, to prevent attendance at church services, was asserted by Rev. W.P. Robertson, of St. Thomas Anglican church this morning. With Rev. Canon Daw, Rev. Mr. Robertson had waited on health officials to express their opposition to the ban.

          “ ‘Surely,’ continued Mr. Robertson, ‘if the proprietors of stores can prevent crowding, the pastors of this city can be credited with as much ability in that line and permitted to do likewise.’ ” 1

                An very agitated member of the Hamilton clergy, Rev. Kenrick of St. Philipp’s Church sent a devastating letter to the Spectator, strongly expressing his opinions on the matter :



          ‘It was with burning hearts that many of this city read in yesterday’s papers that, in a supposedly Christian country, a Christian priest was haled into the police court by the authorities of this Christian city and fined to the utmost limit of the law by the representative of a Christian king for standing at a Christian altar and conducting Christian worship in a Church.

          ‘Permit me to observe that in forbidding the Christian people of this city to worship in their churches the board of health has closed one only of the many possible avenues of contagion. Street cars are still running and are admittedly still sources of infection whether five or fifty people are in them. Stores are still doing business, and, on Saturday afternoon at least, some were packed to suffocation. On one car on that day, thirty-one strap-hangers were counted. But I have not heard that any storekeeper or car conductor has been prosecuted. That privilege was reserved for a minister of religion. And it is highly significant of the spirit of materialism and agnosticism  which is abroad, that while it was recognized that the factories were fruitful sources of danger, it was decided that it would disorganize the community too much if they were shut down. The churches (too often sparsely attended and then usually only once a week and therefore, merely as public places, negligible as sources of infection – they might be banned because the disorganization of the religious life of the people was a matter of no moment to the men who are in control of the situation.

          ‘Let it be clearly recognized that the closing of the houses of God is symptomatic of the increasing indifference and hostility on the part of many people towards Christ and His kingdom. We were told in the police court yesterday that the law knows nothing of religion. Certainly the hard knocks dealt out to religion at the hands of the authorities during the last four years seem to bear out this remarkable statement. But it is to be doubted whether any board of health would have dared to use its power as it has now done did it not think that the people, accustomed to conscription, orders-in-council, and the edicts of controllers who have controlled everything except the takings of profiteers would meekly submit. All honor to that church which has deliberately refused to bow down before an enactment which is an infringement of the liberties of all Christian people. But, I ask, are the non-Catholics of Hamilton going to allow the battle to be fought on their behalf by the minsters of one body only, while the rest take their punishment lying down, or pursue a pusillanimous policy of wait and see?

          ‘It has been said that in resisting orders of the board of health, we are encouraging the breaking of the law. But the subject who is truly loyal to the chief magistrate will neither advise nor submit to arbitrary measures, and after all, the lawbreakers are those who have passed and put into operation a statute which is a direct infringement of the liberty of worship, guaranteed to all of us without interference under the constitution of Canada.

          ‘Members of the Church of England are familiar with the words so often quoted in the church service ; Then stood up Phineas and prayed and so the plague ceased.’ But, the position of the agnostics and materialists who are denying to us the right to pray is that Go has nothing to do with the matter; that prayer is ineffectual, and that they will fight the epidemic by purely physical means.

          ‘The clergy and religious people of the city believe in the Omnipotence and immanence of God. They believe in prayer, that believe that corporate prayer is more effectual than that which is offered by individuals, and that the vast majority of Christians believe that the highest act of prayer is that which is offered at the altar on the Lord’s day.

          ‘Those who, in the exercise of their Christian rights are proposing to continue to worship God according to the dictates of their conscience are acting in the true spirit of the apostles, who when they were threatened and commanded no more to speak in the name of Christ, answered, ‘Whether it be right in the sight of God too hearken unto you more than unto God, judge ye, for we cannot but speak the things we have seen and heard.’ 1

                Finally, the Spectator carried the following letter which carried some humor and mild sarcasm:

          “ ‘Seeing that the board of health has closed our churches, depriving thousands of the sacraments of the church and the comfort and support derived from public worship,’ writes Anglican Catholic in a letter to the editor, ‘the Bible student must now add a proviso to many clear passages in God’s word:

          ‘Some suggestions:

          ‘The Lord is in His holy temple – except during an epidemic of flu.

          ‘I will come into Thy house in the multitude of Thy mercy – except during an epidemic of flu.

          ‘ My soul longeth, yea, even fainteth, for the courts of the Lord’ – except during an epidemic of flu.

          “Preach the word. Be instant in season and out of season’ – except during an epidemic of flu.

          ‘Not forsaking the assembling of ourselves together’ – except during an epidemic of flu.

          ‘They continued steadfastly in the apostle’s doctrine and fellowship and breaking of bread and prayers.’ – except during an epidemic of flu.”1

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